ENGLISH GRAMMAR CLASS - 5

       ENGLISH GRAMMAR

CLASS - 5

CHAPTER-1    [SENTENCE]

WE CONVEY OUR NEEDS, FEELINGS AND OPINIONS USING GROUP OF WORDS. THE WORDS IN THESE GROUPS ARE ARRANGED IN A PARTICULAR ORDER SO AS TO GIVE A PARTICULAR MEANING.  THESE GROUPS OF WORDS IN A PARTICULAR ORDER ARE CALLED SENTENCES.

A SENTENCE MUST HAVE A VERB AND IT MUST BEGIN WITH A CAPITAL LETTER. ALL SENTENCES AND EITHER IN A FULL STOP (.), A QUESTION MARK (?) OR AN EXCLAMATION MARK (!).

READ SOME SENTENCES :

Ø I AM READING A BOOK .

Ø YOU HAVE NOT DONE YOUR HOMEWORK.

Ø WHERE IS YOUR BROTHER ?

Ø MAY GOD HELP YOU!

Ø GET OUT.

Ø WHAT A BEAUTIFUL DRESS IT IS !

KINDS OF SENTENCES

 

                      

     

THE IMPORTANT TYPES OF SENTENCES ARE AS FOLLWS :

1.ASSERTIVE  SENTENCE OR STATEMENTS : AN ASSERTIVE SENTENTENCE EXPRESSES A FACT, A N EVENT, A CONDITION IN A POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE MANNER ; FOR EXAMPLE :

POSITIVE SENTENCES	NEGATIVE SENTENCES
ASHISH IS LATE.	HAS IS NEVER ON TIME.
ANANYA IS WALKING.	SHE IS NOT RUNNING.
WE SHOULD TELL THE TRUTH.	WE SHOULD NOT TELL A LIE.
	THE SUN IS NOT SHINING.
IT IS RAINING.
2.INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES OR QUESTION :

AN INTERROGATIVE  SENTENCE ASKS SOME QUESTIONS OR MAKES SOME QUERY.

YOU CAN REPLY TO A QUESTION IN YES/NO OR GIVE SOME INFORMATION . THUS, THERE CAN  BE  TWO  TYPES OF QUESTIONS :

(a)       YES/NO  TYPE QUESTIONS : THIS TYPE QUESTIONS CAN BE REPLIED IN YES OR NO. IT BEGINS WITH A  HELPING VERB AND NOT WITH AN INTERROGATIVE WORD ; FOR EXAMPLE :

QUESTION : ARE YOU UPSET ?

ANSWER : YES, I AM.

ANSWER : NO, I AM NOT.

(b)      QUESTION WORD QUESTIONS :  THIS TYPE OF QUESTIONS CAN BE REPLIED ONLY WITH SPOME INFORMATION. IT BEGINS WITH AN INTERROGATIVE WORD ; FOR EXAMPLE :

QUESTIONS : WHO IS HE ?

ANSWER : HE IS MY FATHER.

READ SOME COMMON INTERROGATIVE WORDS :

WHO	WHAT	WHERE	WHICH	WHY
HOW	WHEN	WHOSE	WHOM	HOW MANY

3.IMPERATIVE  SENTENCES  : IMPERATIVE SENTENCES ARE USED TO EXPRESS ORDERS, COMMANDS, REQUESTS, ENTREATIES, ADVISE, PROPOSALS OR SUGGETIONS ; FOR EXAMPLE :

Ø  MAY I COME IN, MADAM ?                                         (REQUEST)

Ø DON’T PLAY ON THE ROAD.                                      (ORDER)

Ø LET US GO FOR A WALK.                                      (SUGGESTION)

Ø ALWAYS SPEAK THE TRUTH.                                      (ADVICE)

4.EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES   :  EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES ARE USED TO EXPRESS SOME SUDDEN FEELINGS OR EMOTIONS : FOR EXAMPLE :

Ø WOW ! YOU HAVE FINALLY DONE IT.

Ø ALAS ! UNCLE IS DEAD.

Ø HOW MAGNIFICIENT THE BUILDING IS !

Ø WHAT A GOAL !

5.OPTATIVE SENTENCES : OPTATIVE SENTENCES ARE USED TO EXPRESS A WISH, PRAYER, BOON OR CURSE etc. GENERALLY, THESE BEGINS WITH THE WORD MAY AND END IN A MARK OF EXCLAMATION  (!) ; FOR EXAMPLE :

Ø MAY HE GET SUCCESS !

Ø MAY GOD HELP YOU !

Ø MAY YOU LIVE LONG !

Ø MAY GOD BLESS YOU !

A SENTENCE HAS TWO IMPORTANT PARTS : 1. SUBJECT AND 2. PREDICATE.

1.  SUBJECT : SUBJECT IS THAT PART OF A SENTENCE ABOUT WHICH SOMETHING IS SAID IN IT. IT MAY BE A PERSON, PLACE, ANIMAL OR THING. IT MAY BE SINGULAR OR PLURAL.

2. PREDICATE : PREDICATE IS THAT PART OF A SENTENCE THAT IS SAID ABOUT THE SUBJECT.

              SHE                                              SANG A MELODIUS SONG.

SUBJECT                                                 PREDICATE

SUBJECT AS WELL AS PREDICATE MAY HAVE ONE OR MORE WORDS.

LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING  TABLE  :

                       

SUBJECT	PREDICATE
I	AM YOUR FRIEND.
BIRDS AND ANIMALS	ARE IMPORTANT PART OF OUR LIFE.
THE GREEN COAT	IS BEATIFUL BUT COSTLY.
THE EGGS IN THE BASKET	ARE FRESH.
THE GIRL WEARING A WHITE SCARF	IS A FILM ACTRESS.

                            THE END